New York's Good Samaritan Law - A Good Deed Goes Unpunished

Law Offices - New York's Good Samaritan Law - A Good Deed Goes Unpunished

Good morning. Yesterday, I discovered Law Offices - New York's Good Samaritan Law - A Good Deed Goes Unpunished. Which may be very helpful in my opinion and you. New York's Good Samaritan Law - A Good Deed Goes Unpunished

The other day, a client was telling me a story.  While trying to relate somebody's personality, he said this:

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"She's the type of someone that will find fault in all things you do. If you push her off the tracks just seconds before she is about to be struck by a speeding locomotive, she'll sue you for bruising her leg and soiling her clothes."

And that reminded me of New York's Good Samaritan law, today's topic.

Common Law: No Good Deed Goes Unpunished

Generally speaking, there is no duty to come to the aid of somebody that has been in an urgency and in need of urgency medical assistance. However, not long ago, if you attempted to render medical assistance to somebody and botched the rescue, chances were you would be sued. Therefore, educated bystanders wouldn't dare effort a rescue.

Since the base law discouraged bystanders from attempting to render medical assistance to those in need, the legislature, recognizing this follow was both unacceptable and undesirable, enacted in 2000 what is ordinarily referred to as the Good Samaritan law.

Effect of the Law

New York's Good Samaritan law carves out exact circumstances when an private shall not be held liable for commonplace negligence in attempting to render medical assistance. Instead, they will only be held liable in cases of gross negligence.

Gross Negligence

Simply put, negligence is a failure to exercise commonplace care. Gross negligence means a failure to use even minuscule care, or is conduct that is so careless as to show faultless disregard for the possession and safety of others.

When it Applies

The law isn't found in one centralized part, but rather integrated into assorted provisions of the Ny communal condition Law and the Ny schooling Law.

Importantly, New York's Good Samaritan law is minuscule to medical rehabilitation or assistance. The heart of the law is found in Pub. condition Law §3000-a, which provides in part:

Any someone who voluntarily and without expectation of monetary recompense renders first aid or urgency rehabilitation at the scene of an urgency or other urgency face a hospital, doctor's office or any other place having permissible and critical medical equipment, to a someone who is unconscious, ill, or injured, shall not be liable for damages for injuries alleged to have been sustained by such someone or for damages for the death of such someone alleged to have occurred by speculate of an act or omission in the rendering of such urgency rehabilitation unless it is established that such injuries were or such death was caused by gross negligence on the part of such person.

Voluntary Act; No expectation of Monetary Compensation

An prominent theme here is that the someone act both voluntarily, and without the expectation of monetary compensation. This is critical because the safety extends to dentists (Educ. On Law §661[6]), physicians (Educ. Law §6527[2]), nurses (Educ. Law §6909[1]), physicians assistants (Educ. Law §6547) and bodily therapists (Educ. Law §6737), in case,granted they are not in a place having permissible and critical medical equipment, and are not rendering their professional or licensed services in the commonplace policy of their practices.

Automated External Defibrillator (Aed) and Epinephrine Auto-Injector (Epi-pen) Devices

The law is somewhat different, however, for urgency condition care providers, or those persons or entities that purchase or make available self-operating External Defibrillator (Aed) devices, or Epinephrine Auto-Injector devices. In those cases, the urgency condition care provider, someone or entity, shall not be held liable for the use of that tool if a someone voluntarily and without expectation of monetary recompense renders first aid or urgency medical treatment, and shall also not be held liable for the use of defectively manufactured equipment.

However, the law expressly states it shall not limit claims against the urgency condition care provider, someone or entity that purchased or made available that tool from its own negligence, gross negligence or intentional misconduct. Pub. condition Law §3000-a(2). See, also, Pub. condition Law §3000-b (Automated External Defibrillators) and Pub. condition Law §3000-c (Epinephrine Auto-Injector).

Go Ahead, Be a Hero

Once again, it is safe to play superhero, but remember to use at least commonplace care.

(Note: urgency medical technicians and volunteer ambulance services are branch to more technical provisions under Pub. condition Law §3013.)

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Electrician Reviews

Offices Reviews - Electrician Reviews

Hi friends. Today, I found out about Offices Reviews - Electrician Reviews. Which may be very helpful for me and also you. Electrician Reviews

Look Them Up On The better firm Bureau - The Bbb is a great place to check for unethical behavior of clubs or independent contractors. The Bbb has a long history of being one of the first places population think of posting their major complaints to when they have serious problems with a business.

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Look For Ratings and retell Websites With High Traffic Volumes - The more traffic a retell website gets the more reviews there will be. Sometimes reviews can be manipulated by the clubs themselves. When there are a lot of reviews and ratings posted, then it dilutes the follow of some manipulated ratings and gives you, the consumer, a clearer photograph of what its like to work with the prospective electrician.

Sometimes The More Reputable retell Sites Aren't Free - When there is a free reviews and ratings website, the site owners don't ordinarily have the manpower to monitor the posts and reviews and make sure that they are all legitimate and honest reviews. With the paid retell websites, the site owners are able to spend the extra time and money focusing on quality reviews and ratings that are more accurate.

Ask Friends For Recommendations - Ask friends and family for recommendations of electricians that they might have worked with in your area.

Don't Forget To Post Your Own retell of The Electrician When You Are fulfilled, - either you had a good or bad experience, it helps your society to get in the habit of posting your experiences online so that others can benefit.

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Aro 2011 review - Does It truly Work?

Offices Reviews - Aro 2011 review - Does It truly Work?

Hi friends. Yesterday, I learned about Offices Reviews - Aro 2011 review - Does It truly Work?. Which may be very helpful for me and you. Aro 2011 review - Does It truly Work?

One of the most popular operating systems to date often turns out to be Windows operating law from the Microsoft corporation. It is true that Windows is mostly easy to use. There are also tutorials and wizards that will help computer users find their way along Windows. However, though, Windows is not all good either. There are quite a few drawbacks that always come with any versions of the Windows operating system. For one, this operating law from Microsoft tends to come with abundance safety holes for bugs and attacks by viruses. Other drawback is the registry.

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At this point of time, some Pc users may be request themselves what is wrong with the registry in fact. Well, if the registry is neat and clean as how it was when users first installed Windows on their computer, then there will be nothing wrong with the registry. However, unfortunately, it is impossible to keep the registry that way. The presume is because as time goes by, users' needs change. With the change of users' needs, come new applications to fulfill their needs. For example, most Pc users tend to setup Office applications later since they are not pre-installed with the operating law itself.

Unfortunately, when Pc users either setup or remove applications from their computer, these applications tend to modify the registry in one or more ways. This results in the computer performing poorer than it used to. The registry is now not so neat anymore and that is the main reason.

But this does not necessarily mean that Pc users have no hopes of getting the old operation of their computer any longer. With the help of third party registry cleaning applications, they will be able to clean up their registry once again and in no time at all. But they should select wisely which application they want to select as each has their own pros and cons and some will even need users to pay for it.

Aro 2011 is one good example of registry cleaning applications. Even though it is a shareware, meaning users will have to pay for it, it is quite worth it. Aro 2011 is a registry tool that can really clean up cluttered registry. In expanding to that, it can also back up the registry before it modifies it. But that's not all just yet. Aro 2011 can also perform a easy disk defragmentation. Yet, although it is simple, it is pretty helpful in manufacture sure that all works as expected.

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WorldVentures describe - Honest occasion Or Scam?

Offices Reviews - WorldVentures describe - Honest occasion Or Scam?

Good afternoon. Today, I learned all about Offices Reviews - WorldVentures describe - Honest occasion Or Scam?. Which is very helpful if you ask me and you. WorldVentures describe - Honest occasion Or Scam?

Why a WorldVentures review? Thousands of new trip companies pop up on the Internet every year, many of which are difficult to find honest, unbiased facts about that doesn't come from either the company itself or person already involved with that company.

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What follows is intended to serve as an objective and honest WorldVentures review.

A) Once Upon A Time...

Founded by Wayne Nuget and Mike Azcue, WorldVentures makes the claim that they "will become a billion dollar giant" in the trip industry. With the rapid improvement of the company, any representative that gets involved now might have a opening for some nice cash down the road if the company continues its success.

WorldVentures has taken benefit of the Internet since its beginning, and why not, the storefront trip manufactures has been reduced from 60,000 to fewer than 6,000 in the United States according to their corporate offices.

B) Selling The Products

This wouldn't be a perfect WorldVentures relate without a look at how you get paid. Your first fee to become a representative comes in at . Not bad. This is added discounted to .99 if you purchase the free time trip advisor (Ltc) package or a compound of the Ltc package and the DreamTrips Membership. Here is the breakdown in cost for those:

DeamTrips by itself - 9 Ltc package - 0 Both together - 0

So, you're looking at, on average, about 0 just to get yourself in the door. What do you have to do in order to become "qualified" to earn commissions on your sales and the sales of those you sign up?

Make one new sale of any of the above listed products to a sell buyer or person who is already a representative, or.. Make a personal purchase of any of the above products (in which case your first fee gets lowered to .99)

Now, once you're in and qualified, you need to be aware of the fact that you are not certainly selling any hard products, Your selling the DreamTrips membership, which only gives you passage to trip opportunities at wholesale cost, and a advisor package, which is to say you're signing up person to the company.

This, for me, is the big flaw with WorldVentures - there are no real products being sold. The closest you get to a real goods is a membership that gives people passage to vacations at wholesale prices, and as a supervene the recompense plan revolves mostly colse to signing people up.

C) The WorldVentures relate Continued...

With promises of a car bonus and a home buyers bonus, WorldVenture makes it very enticing for you to join. But in its core, the company is a multi-level marketing company, or Mlm, and relies on the hard work of those at the bottom so those at the top can certainly prosper financially.

To even be eligible for the DreamCar bonus, you must qualify as a Regional Marketing Director. Sounds classy, doesn't it? Here is some of what you need to do to even get this title:

Build at least 3 direct lines under you (signup at least 3 people) Then have 300 people for each line - that makes 900 people!

I don't want you to think my WordlVentures relate is out to get the company, it's not. In fact, I think the trip manufactures is one to get in with while it's hot. However, to do well with this company you certainly need to make a whole lot of sales, and as a supervene must know how to shop yourself well.

Lightning Quick Financial Success

Even if this WorldVentures relate doesn't sass all of your questions, the inexpressive to extraordinary financial success online is mastering efficient marketing strategies. A mentor can help you to do this, so all the time be on the watch for one.

Once you know how to shop effectively and believe in the goods you are marketing, you will certainly succeed!

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Hospice Fraud - A delineate For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms

Offices Reviews - Hospice Fraud - A delineate For Employees, Whistleblowers, Attorneys, Lawyers and Law Firms

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Hospice fraud in South Carolina and the United States is an increasing question as the amount of hospice patients has exploded over the past few years. From 2004 to 2008, the amount of patients receiving hospice care in the United States grew roughly 40% to nearly 1.5 million, and of the 2.5 million population who died in 2008, nearly one million were hospice patients. The extraordinary majority of population receiving hospice care receive federal benefits from the federal government through the Medicare or Medicaid programs. The condition care providers who supply hospice services traditionally enroll in the Medicare and Medicaid programs in order to qualify to receive payments under these government programs for services rendered to Medicare and Medicaid eligible patients.

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While most hospice condition care organizations supply proper and ethical rehabilitation for their hospice patients, because hospice eligibility under Medicare and Medicaid involves clinical judgments which may result in the payments of large sums of money from the federal government, there are huge opportunities for fraudulent practices and false billing claims by unscrupulous hospice care providers. As new federal hospice fraud enforcement actions have demonstrated, the amount of condition care associates and individuals who are willing to try to defraud the Medicare and Medicaid hospice benefits programs is on the rise.

A new example of hospice fraud captivating a South Carolina hospice is Southern Care, Inc., a hospice firm that in 2009 paid .7 million to rule an Fca case. The defendant operated hospices in 14 other states, too, including Alabama, Georgia, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Michigan, Mississippi, Missouri, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Virginia and Wisconsin. The alleged frauds were that patients were not eligible for hospice, to wit, were not terminally ill, lack of documentation of concluding illnesses, and that the firm marketed to inherent patients with the promise of free medications, supplies, and the provision of home condition aides. Southern Care also entered into a 5-year Corporate Integrity deal with the Oig as part of the settlement. The qui tam relators received roughly million.

Understanding the Consequences of Hospice Fraud and Whistleblower Actions

U.S. And South Carolina consumers, including hospice patients and their family members, and condition care employees who are employed in the hospice industry, as well as their Sc lawyers and attorneys, should acquaint themselves with the basics of the hospice care industry, hospice eligibility under the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and hospice fraud schemes that have developed across the country. Consumers need to safe themselves from unethical hospice providers, and hospice employees need to guard against knowingly or unwittingly participating in condition care fraud against the federal government because they may field themselves to administrative sanctions, including lengthy exclusions from working in an assosication which receives federal funds, huge civil monetary penalties and fines, and criminal sanctions, including incarceration. When a hospice worker discovers fraudulent escort captivating Medicare or Medicaid billings or claims, the worker should not participate in such behavior, and it is imperative that the unlawful escort be reported to law enforcement and/or regulatory authorities. Not only does reporting such fraudulent Medicare or Medicaid practices shield the hospice worker from exposure to the foregoing administrative, civil and criminal sanctions, but hospice fraud whistleblowers may advantage financially under the recompense provisions of the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3732, by bringing false claims suits, also known as qui tam or whistleblower suits, against their employers on profit of the United States.

Types of Hospice Care Services

Hospice care is a type of condition care aid for patients who are terminally ill. Hospices also supply maintain services for the families of terminally ill patients. This care includes corporal care and counseling. Hospice care is usually provided by a communal department or inexpressive firm popular ,favorite by Medicare and Medicaid. Hospice care is available for all age groups, including children, adults, and the elderly who are in the final stages of life. The purpose of hospice is to supply care for the terminally ill inpatient and his or her family and not to cure the concluding illness.

If a inpatient qualifies for hospice care, the inpatient can receive medical and maintain services, including nursing care, medical communal services, doctor services, counseling, homemaker services, and other types of services. The hospice inpatient will have a team of doctors, nurses, home condition aides, communal workers, counselors and trained volunteers to help the inpatient and his or her family members cope with the symptoms and consequences of the concluding illness. While many hospice patients and their families can receive hospice care in the ease of their home, if the hospice patient's condition deteriorates, the inpatient can be transferred to a hospice facility, hospital, or nursing home to receive hospice care.

Hospice Care Statistics

The amount of days that a inpatient receives hospice care is often referenced as the "length of stay" or "length of service." The distance of aid is dependent on a amount of separate factors, including but not minuscule to, the type and stage of the disease, the capability of and passage to condition care providers before the hospice referral, and the timing of the hospice referral. In 2008, the midpoint distance of stay for hospice patients was about 21 days, the midpoint distance of stay was about 69 days, roughly 35% of hospice patients died or were discharged within 7 days of the hospice referral, and only about 12% of hospice patients survived longer than 180 days.

Most hospice care patients receive hospice care in inexpressive homes (40%). Other locations where hospice services are provided are nursing homes (22%), residential facilities (6%), hospice inpatient facilities (21%), and acute care hospitals (10%). Hospice patients are commonly the elderly, and hospice age group percentages are 34 years or less (1%), 35 - 64 years (16%), 65 - 74 years (16%), 75 - 84 years (29%), and over 85 years (38%). As for the concluding illness resulting in a hospice referral, cancer is the determination for roughly 40% of hospice patients, followed by debility unspecified (15%), heart disease (12%), dementia (11%), lung disease (8%), stroke (4%) and kidney disease (3%). Medicare pays the great majority of hospice care expenses (84%), followed by inexpressive insurance (8%), Medicaid (5%), charity care (1%) and self pay (1%).

As of 2008, there were roughly 4,700 locations which were providing hospice care in the United States, which represented about a 50% growth over ten years. There were about 3,700 associates and organizations which were providing hospice services in the United States. About half of the hospice care providers in the United States are for-profit organizations, and about half are non-profit organizations.
General overview of the Medicare and Medicaid Programs

In 1965, Congress established the Medicare schedule to supply condition insurance for the elderly and disabled. Payments from the Medicare schedule arise from the Medicare Trust fund, which is funded by government contributions and through payroll deductions from American workers. The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (Cms), previously known as the condition Care Financing administration (Hcfa), is the federal department within the United States department of condition and Human Services (Hhs) that administers the Medicare schedule and works in partnership with state governments to administer Medicaid.

In 2007, Cms reorganized its ten geography-based field offices to a Consortia structure based on the agency's key lines of business: Medicare condition plans, Medicare financial management, Medicare fee for aid operations, Medicaid and children's health, examine & certification and capability improvement. The Cms consortia consist of the following:

• Consortium for Medicare condition Plans Operations
• Consortium for Financial administration and Fee for aid Operations
• Consortium for Medicaid and Children's condition Operations
• Consortium for capability correction and examine & Certification Operations

Each consortium is led by a Consortium Administrator (Ca) who serves as the Cms's national focal point in the field for their firm line. Each Ca is responsible for consistent implementation of Cms programs, procedure and advice across all ten regions for matters pertaining to their firm line. In increasing to accountability for a firm line, each Ca also serves as the Agency's senior administration official for two or three Regional Offices (Ros), representing the Cms Administrator in external matters and overseeing administrative operations.

Much of the daily administration and execution of the Medicare schedule is managed through inexpressive insurance associates that contract with the Government. These inexpressive insurance companies, sometimes called "Medicare Carriers" or "Fiscal Intermediaries," are expensed with and responsible for accepting Medicare claims, determining coverage, and making payments from the Medicare Trust Fund. These carriers, including Palmetto Government Benefits Administrators (hereinafter "Pgba"), a department of Blue Cross and Blue Shield of South Carolina, control pursuant to 42 U.S.C. §§ 1395h and 1395u and rely on the good faith and faithful representations of condition care providers when processing claims.

Over the past forty years, the Medicare schedule has enabled the elderly and disabled to secure considerable medical services from medical providers throughout the United States. considerable to the success of the Medicare schedule is the underlying understanding that condition care providers accurately and for real submit claims and bills to the Medicare Trust Fund only for those medical treatments or services that are legitimate, cheap and medically necessary, in full compliancy with all laws, regulations, rules, and conditions of participation, and, further, that medical providers not take advantage of their elderly and disabled patients.

The Medicaid schedule is available only to inescapable low-income individuals and families who must meet eligibility requirements set forth by federal and state law. Each state sets its own guidelines concerning eligibility and services. Although administered by private states, the Medicaid schedule is funded primarily by the federal government. Medicaid does not pay money to patients; rather, it sends payments directly to the patient's condition care providers. Like Medicare, the Medicaid schedule depends on condition care providers to accurately and for real submit claims and bills to schedule administrators only for those medical treatments or services that are legitimate, cheap and medically necessary, in full compliancy with all laws, regulations, rules, and conditions of participation, and, further, that medical providers not take advantage of their indigent patients.

Medicare & Medicaid Hospice Laws Which influence Sc Hospices

Hospice fraud occurs when hospice organizations, by and through their employees, agents and owners, knowingly violate the terms and conditions of the applicable Medicare and Medicaid hospice statutes, regulations, rules and conditions of participation. In order to be able to identify hospice fraud, hospices, hospice patients, hospice employees and their attorneys and lawyers must know the Medicare laws and requirements relating to hospice care benefits.

Medicare's two main sources of authorization for hospice benefits are found in the communal security Act and the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations. The statutory provisions are primarily found at 42 U.S.C. §§ 1395d, 1395e, 1395f(a)(7), 1395x(d)(d), and 1395y, and the regulatory provisions are found at 42 C.F.R. Part 418.

To be eligible for Medicare benefits for hospice care, the inpatient must be eligible for Medicare Part A and be terminally ill. 42 C.F.R. § 418.20. concluding illness is established when "the private has a medical determination that his or her life expectancy is 6 months or less if the illness runs its normal course." 42 C.F.R. § 418.3; 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(d)(d)(3). The patient's doctor and the medical director of the hospice must guarantee in writing that the inpatient is "terminally ill." 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7); 42 C.F.R. § 418.20. After a patient's initial certification, Medicare provides for two ninety-day advantage periods followed by an unlimited amount of sixty-day advantage periods. 42 U.S.C. § 1395d(a)(4). At the end of each ninety- or sixty-day period, the inpatient can be re-certified only if at that time he or she has less than six months to live if the illness runs its normal course. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(A). The written certification and re-certifications must be maintained in the patient's medical records. 42 C.F.R. § 418.23. A written plan of care must be established for each inpatient setting forth the types of hospice care services the inpatient is scheduled to receive, 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(B), and the hospice care has to be provided in accordance with such plan of care. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(a)(7)(C); 42 C.F.R. § 418.56. Clinical records for each hospice inpatient must be maintained by the hospice, including plan of care, assessments, clinical notes, signed consideration of election, inpatient responses to medication and therapy, doctor certifications and re-certifications, outcome data, improve directives and doctor orders. 42 C.F.R. § 418.104.

The hospice must secure a written consideration of selection from the inpatient to elect to receive Medicare hospice benefits. 42 C.F.R. § 418.24. Importantly, once a inpatient has elected to receive hospice care benefits, the inpatient waives Medicare benefits for medical rehabilitation for the concluding disease upon which is the admitting diagnosis. 42 C.F.R. § 418.24(d).

The hospice must prescription an Interdisciplinary Group (Idg) or groups composed of individuals who work together to meet the physical, medical, psychosocial, emotional, and spiritual needs of the hospice patients and families facing concluding illness and bereavement. 42 C.F.R. § 418.56. The Idg members must supply the care and services offered by the hospice, and the group, in its entirety, must supervise the care and services. A registered nurse that is a member of the Idg must be designated to supply coordination of care and to ensure continuous assessment of each patient's and family's needs and implementation of the interdisciplinary plan of care. The interdisciplinary group must include, but is not minuscule to, the following qualified and competent professionals: (i) A doctor of rehabilitation or osteopathy (who is an worker or under contract with the hospice); (ii) A registered nurse; (iii) A communal worker; and, (iv) A pastoral or other counselor. 42 C.F.R. § 418.56.

The Medicare hospice regulations, at 42 C.F.R. § 418.200, summarize the requirements for hospice coverage in pertinent part as follows:

To be covered, hospice services must meet the following requirements. They must be cheap and considerable for the palliation and administration of the concluding illness as well as connected conditions. The private must elect hospice care in accordance with §418.24. A plan of care must be established and periodically reviewed by the attending physician, the medical director, and the interdisciplinary group of the hospice schedule as set forth in §418.56. That plan of care must be established before hospice care is provided. The services provided must be consistent with the plan of care. A certification that the private is terminally ill must be completed as set forth in section §418.22.

The communal security Act, at 42 U.S.C. § 1395y(a), limits Medicare hospice benefits, providing in pertinent part as follows: "Notwithstanding any other provision of this title, no cost may be made under part A or part B for any expenses incurred for items or services-... (C) in the case of hospice care, which are not cheap and considerable for the palliation or administration of concluding illness...." 42 C.F.R. § 418.50 (hospice care must be "reasonable and considerable for the palliation and administration of concluding illness"). Palliative care is defined in the regulations as "patient and family-centered care that optimizes capability of life by anticipating, preventing, and treating suffering. Palliative care throughout the continuum of illness involves addressing physical, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual needs and to facilitate inpatient autonomy, passage to information, and choice." 42 C.F.R. § 418.3.

Medicare pays hospice agencies a daily rate for each day a beneficiary is enrolled in the hospice advantage and receives hospice care. The daily payments are made regardless of the amount of services furnished on a given day and are intended to cover costs that the hospice incurs in furnishing services identified in the patient's plan of care. There are four levels of payments which are made based on the amount of care required to meet beneficiary and family needs. 42 C.F.R. § 418.302; Cms Hospice Fact Sheet, November 2009. These four levels, and the corresponding 2010 daily rates, are as follows: disposition home care (2.91); continuous home care (4.10); inpatient respite care (7.83); and, normal inpatient care (5.74).

The mixture each year cap per inpatient in 2009 was ,014.50. This cap is determined by adjusting the original hospice inpatient cap of ,500, set in 1984, by the consumer Price Index. See Cms Internet-Only hand-operated 100-04, episode 11, section 80.2; 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(i); 42 C.F.R. § 418.309. The Medicare Claims Processing Manual, at episode 11 - Processing Hospice Claims, in Section 80.2, entitled "Cap on total Hospice Reimbursement," provides in pertinent part as follows: "Any payments in excess of the cap must be refunded by the hospice."

Hospice patients are responsible for Medicare co-insurance payments for drugs and respite care, and the hospice may payment the inpatient for these co-insurance payments. However, the co-insurance payments for drugs are minuscule to the lesser of or 5% of the cost of the drugs to the hospice, and the co-insurance payments for respite care are commonly 5% of the cost made by Medicare for such services. 42 C.F.R. § 418.400.

The Medicare and Medicaid programs require institutional condition care providers, including hospice organizations, to file an enrollment application in order to qualify to receive the programs' benefits. As part of these enrollment applications, the hospice providers guarantee that they will comply with Medicare and Medicaid laws, regulations, and schedule instructions, and supplementary guarantee that they understand that cost of a claim by Medicare and Medicaid is conditioned upon the claim and underlying transaction complying with such schedule laws and requirements. The Medicare Enrollment Application which hospice providers must execute, Form Cms-855A, states in part as follows: "I agree to abide by the Medicare laws, regulations and schedule instructions that apply to this provider. The Medicare laws, regulations, and schedule instructions are available through the Medicare contractor. I understand that cost of a claim by Medicare is conditioned upon the claim and the underlying transaction complying with such laws, regulations, and schedule instructions (including, but not minuscule to, the Federal Aks and Stark laws), and on the provider's compliancy with all applicable conditions of participation in Medicare."

Hospices are commonly required to bill Medicare on a monthly basis. See the Medicare Claims Processing Manual, at episode 11 - Processing Hospice Claims, in Section 90 - Frequency of Billing. Hospices commonly file their hospice Medicare claims with their Fiscal Intermediary or Medicare Carrier pursuant to the Cms Claims hand-operated Form Cms 1450 (sometime also called a Form Ub-04 or Form Ub-92), whether in paper or electronic form. These claim forms comprise representations and certifications which state in pertinent part that: (1) misrepresentations or falsifications of considerable facts may serve as the basis for civil monetary penalties and criminal convictions; (2) submission of the claim constitutes certification that the billing facts is true, correct and complete; (3) the submitter did not knowingly or recklessly disregard or misrepresent or conceal material facts; (4) all required doctor certifications and re-certifications are on file; (5) all required inpatient signatures are on file; and, (6) for Medicaid purposes, the submitter understands that because cost and satisfaction of this claim will be from Federal and State funds, any false statements, documents, or concealment of a material fact are field to prosecution under applicable Federal or State Laws.

Hospices must also file with Cms an each year cost and data report of Medicare payments received. 42 U.S.C. § 1395f(i)(3); 42 U.S.C. § 1395x(d)(d)(4). The each year hospice cost and data reports, Form Cms 1984-99, comprise representations and certifications which state in pertinent part that: (1) misrepresentations or falsifications of facts contained in the cost report may be punishable by criminal, civil and administrative actions, including fines and/or imprisonment; (2) if any services identified in the report were the stock of a direct or indirect kickback or were otherwise illegal, then criminal, civil and administrative actions may result, including fines and/or imprisonment; (3) the report is a true, correct and perfect statement ready from the books and records of the provider in accordance with applicable instructions, except as noted; and, (4) the signing officer is well-known with the laws and regulations concerning the provision of condition care services and that the services identified in this cost report were provided in compliancy with such laws and regulations.

Hospice Anti-Fraud enforcement Statutes

There are a amount of federal criminal, civil and administrative enforcement provisions set forth in the Medicare statutes which are aimed at preventing fraudulent conduct, including hospice fraud, and which help assert schedule integrity and compliance. Some of the more leading enforcement provisions of the Medicare statutes comprise the following: 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7b (Criminal fraud and anti-kickback penalties); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7a and 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-8 (Civil monetary penalties for fraud); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-7 (Administrative exclusions from participation in Medicare/Medicaid programs for fraud); 42 U.S.C. § 1320a-4 (Administrative subpoena power for the Comptroller General).

Other criminal enforcement provisions which are used to combat Medicare and Medicaid fraud, including hospice fraud, comprise the following: 18 U.S.C. § 1347 (General condition care fraud criminal statute); 21 U.S.C. §§ 353, 333 (Prescription Drug Marketing Act); 18 U.S.C. § 669 (Theft or Embezzlement in relationship with condition Care); 18 U.S.C. § 1035 (False statements relating to condition Care); 18 U.S.C. § 2 (Aiding and Abetting); 18 U.S.C. § 3 (Accessory after the Fact); 18 U.S.C. § 4 (Misprision of a Felony); 18 U.S.C. § 286 (Conspiracy to defraud the Government with respect to Claims); 18 U.S.C. § 287 (False, Fictitious or Fraudulent Claims); 18 U.S.C. § 371 (Criminal Conspiracy); 18 U.S.C. § 1001 (False Statements); 18 U.S.C. § 1341 (Mail Fraud); 18 U.S.C. § 1343 (Wire Fraud); 18 U.S.C. § 1956 (Money Laundering); 18 U.S.C. § 1957 (Money Laundering); and, 18 U.S.C. § 1964 (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations ("Rico")).

The False Claims Act (Fca)

Hospice fraud whistleblowers may advantage financially under the recompense provisions of the federal False Claims Act, 31 U.S.C. §§ 3729-3732, by bringing false claims suits, also known as qui tam or whistleblower suits, against their employers on profit of the United States. The plaintiff in a hospice fraud whistleblower suit is also known as a relator. The most base Fca provisions upon which hospice fraud qui tam or whistleblower relators rely are found in 31 U.S.C. § 3729: (A) knowingly presents, or causes to be presented, a false or fraudulent claim for cost or approval; (B) knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used, a false report or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim; (C) conspires to commit a violation of subparagraph (A), (B), (D), (E), (F), or (G);..., and, (G) knowingly makes, uses, or causes to be made or used, a false report or statement material to an enforcement to pay or send money or property to the Government, or knowingly conceals or knowingly and improperly avoids or decreases an enforcement to pay or send money or property to the Government.... There is no requirement to prove specific intent to defraud. Rather, it is only considerable to prove actual knowledge of the false claims, false statements, or false records, or the defendant's deliberate indifference or reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the information. 31 U.S.C. § 3729(b).

The Fca anti-retaliation provision protects the hospice whistleblower from retaliation from the hospice when the worker (or a contractor) "is discharged, demoted, suspended, threatened, harassed, or in any other manner discriminated against in the terms and conditions of employment" for taking performance to try to stop the fraudulent activity. 31 U.S.C. § 3730(h). A hospice employee's relief includes reinstatement, 2 times the amount of back pay, interest on the back pay, and payment for any extra damages sustained as a result of the discrimination or retaliation, including litigation costs and cheap attorneys' fees.

A Sc hospice fraud Fca whistleblower would initially file a disclosure statement, complaint and supporting documents with the U.S. Attorney's Office in Columbia, South Carolina, and the Us Attorney General. After the disclosures are filed, a federal court complaint can be filed. The Sc department where the frauds occurred, the relator's residence, and the defendant residence, will rule which department the case will be assigned. There are eleven federal court divisions in South Carolina. Once the case has been filed, the government has 60 days to rule whether or not to intervene. During this time, federal government investigators located in South Carolina will research the claims. If the case complicated Medicaid, Sc Medicaid fraud unit investigators will likely come to be complicated as well. If the government intervenes in the case, the U.S. Attorney for South Carolina is usually the lead attorney. If the government does not intervene, the relator's Sc attorney will prosecute the case. In South Carolina, expect a qui tam case to take one to two years to get to trial.

Tips on Recognizing Hospice Fraud Schemes

The Hhs Office of Inspector normal (Oig) has issued extra Fraud Alerts for fraudulent and abusive practices of hospices. U.S. And South Carolina hospices, patients, hospice employees and whistleblowers, their attorneys and lawyers, should be well-known with these hospice fraud practices. Tips on recognizing hospice frauds in South Carolina and the U.S. Are:

• A hospice offering free goods or goods at below shop value to induce a nursing home to refer patients to the hospice.
• False representations in a hospice's Medicare/Medicaid enrollment form.
• A hospice paying "room and board" payments to the nursing home in amounts in excess of what the nursing home would have received directly from Medicaid had the inpatient not been enrolled in the hospice.
• False statements in a hospice's claim form (Cms Forms 1450, Ub-04 or Ub-92).
• A hospice falsely billing for services that were not cheap or considerable for the palliation of the symptoms of a terminally ill patient.
• A hospice paying amounts to the nursing home for "additional" services that Medicaid determined included in its room and board cost to the hospice.
• A hospice paying above fair shop value for "additional" non-core services which Medicaid does not consider to be included in its room and board payments to the nursing home.
• A hospice referring patients to a nursing home to induce the nursing home to refer its patients to the hospice.
•A hospice providing free (or below fair shop value) care to nursing home patients, for whom the nursing home is receiving Medicare cost under the skilled nursing facility benefit, with the expectation that after the inpatient exhausts the skilled nursing facility benefit, the inpatient will receive hospice services from that hospice.
• A hospice providing staff at its charge to the nursing home to accomplish duties that otherwise would be performed by the nursing home.
• Incomplete or no written Plan of Care was established or reviewed at specific intervals.
• Plan of Care did not comprise an assessment of needs.
• Fraudulent statements in a hospice's cost report to the government.
• consideration of selection was not obtained or was fraudulently obtained.
• Rn supervisory visits were not made for home condition aide services.
• Certification or Re-certification of concluding illness was not obtained or was fraudulently obtained.
• No Plan of care was included for bereavement services.
• Fraudulent billing for upcoded levels of hospice care.
• Hospice did not escort a self-assessment of capability and care provided.
• Clinical records were not maintained for every patient.
• Interdisciplinary group did not tell and update the plan of care for each patient.

Recent Hospice Fraud enforcement Cases

The Doj and U.S. Attorney's Offices have been active in enforcing hospice fraud cases.

In 2009, Kaiser Foundation Hospitals located an Fca lawsuit by paying .8 million to the federal government. The defendant allegedly failed to secure written certifications of concluding illness for a amount of its patients.

In 2006, Odyssey Healthcare, a national hospice provider, paid .9 million to rule a qui tam suit for false claims under the Fca. The hospice fraud allegations were commonly that Odyssey billed Medicare for providing hospice care to patients when they were not terminally ill and ineligible for Medicare hospice benefits. A Corporate Integrity deal was also a part of the settlement. The hospice fraud qui tam relator received .3 million for blowing the whistle on the defendant.

In 2005, Faith Hospice, Inc., located claims an Fca claim for 0,000. The hospice fraud allegations were commonly that Faith Hospice billed Medicare for providing hospice care to patients more than half of whom were not terminally ill.

In 2005, Home Hospice of North Texas located an Fca claim for 0,000 concerning allegations of fraudulently billing Medicare for ineligible hospice patients.

In 2000, Michigan osteopath Donald Dreyfuss, who pleaded guilty to criminal fraud charges, including violation of the Aks for receiving illegal kickbacks from a hospice for recommending the hospice to the staff of his nursing home, located an Fca suit for million.

Conclusion

Hospice fraud is a growing question in South Carolina and throughout the United States. South Carolina hospice patients, hospice employees, and their Sc lawyers and attorneys, should be well-known with the basics of the hospice care industry, hospice eligibility under the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and typical hospice fraud schemes. Hospice organizations should take steps to ensure full compliancy with Medicare/Medicaid hospice billing requirements to avoid hospice fraud allegations and Fca litigation.

© 2010 Joseph P. Griffith, Jr.

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Momentis quote

Offices Reviews - Momentis quote

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Momentis is a new Mlm chance that has been launched as the marketing arm of Just Energy, a thriving milti billion-dollar enterprise currently operating in the Us and Canada. As the deregulation of electricity and natural gas takes place in both countries, this new enterprise is set to offer consumers an additional choice, as well as furnish a inherent earnings from promoting the products to others. The enterprise has retain offices for independent representatives in both Toronto, Ontario and Dallas, Texas.

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Momentis is currently setting up in 5 Canadian provinces and 13 Us states where deregulation is occurring. Customers in these areas can change to Just power for electricity and natural gas with no disruption; very similar to changing a home telephone supplier or long length carrier, with no fee or extra charges. Customers under a current ageement are advised to allow it to expire first to avoid early termination penalties. Individuals surface of the deregulated areas can join as independent representatives to sign up new customers in the Just power serviced markets and build a team of distributors under them to do the same.

The cost to join Momentis as a independent representative is 9 during the initiate phase and will growth to 9 in the future. There is an annual renewal fee of for the Mlm chance and a .95 fee per month after one year, for a customer supervision tool called the M-Center. Included is a enterprise site that can be personalized for promoting online.

As distributors sign up Just power customers and sponsor downline recruits they will earn a small commission off of the monthly bills in their team. The payment plan provides 5 ways to earn income; momentum immediate bonuses, mentor bonuses, myleadership bonuses, and monthly recurring income.

Distributors will earn from $.50 to .00 on customer bills in their team and are paid on lower levels in the payment plan as they continue to personally sponsor recruits.

The Momentis chance is a legitimate Mlm enterprise providing independent representatives the inherent for residual income. However, a large amount of recruiting will be required to build a team that will produce indispensable earnings, based on the small commissions.

As in any network marketing enterprise distributors must be aware of the need for a consistent long term exertion if they are to perceive any success. It is also indispensable for distributors to have a knowledge of online marketing and understand how to brand themselves as leaders using the internet.

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all things From Small Apartment Plans to Office found

Offices Reviews - all things From Small Apartment Plans to Office found

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For those who need help with planning everything from small apartment plans to interior office plans, there is a explication for every need. If you are like most, you spend a great deal of your time at the office. Therefore, everything within that space should be something that is working for you or that offers an inside look at your personality. You can achieve this in many ways.

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Know The Rules

There may be some rules in interior office make that you need to take into consideration when planning your office project. Your employer may have some rules for you to succeed which may include things like how the office can be decorated or where you can place furniture within it. It is often foremost to know what's allowed so that you do not step on any toes. The good news is that there are many times when these rules won't hold you back.

The Layout

For your interior office design, the layout needs to be considered. The location of the furniture is foremost for many reasons. It looks good but it also has to be productive. You need to know where the best places to put your computer monitor. You need to know how to hide all those cords within a certain area. You do not want cords hanging in all the wrong locations. You should also think the number of workspace you need and how to pull off this type of look.

Also think the clients that will come into your office space. They should be easy to see and talk to from your desk, or wherever you will greet them. Keep storage neat and clean throughout the location as well, so that visitors do not need to see mess. You can achieve this straight through careful storage options.

Decorating

One of the final things to think in your interior office make is the decor. You can add a lot of personality to a space by using the assorted knickknacks and colorful curtains to improve the area. You do need to think the theme and the unabridged look, though. Try to coordinate items using color or texture. You do not want a lot of inappropriate items in the office space.

No matter if you are after the perfect interior office make for your office at work or even for the small apartment plan you have, the key is to set it up to look and function well.

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Alcatraz Tv Show impart

Offices Reviews - Alcatraz Tv Show impart

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One of the biggest television shows to air for 2012 will be called Alcatraz. The story revolves colse to the prison Alcatraz, renown for the infamous prisoners it contained. It contained rapists, serial killers, thieves and all the other guys that should be kept of the streets through the 1960's. The fascinating story line behind this Tv show is the characters all disappear at the same time not leaving trace of where or when they would be back. Remember that Alcatraz was an island surrounded my water and any land was miles away development any thoughts of flee impossible.

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The year is 2011 and Rebecca Madsen (played by Sarah Jones) is on an investigation to solve a murder. She falls upon a set of finger prints and runs them back at the office. After over 50 years the inhabitants disappearances, the finger prints trace back to Jack Sylvane (Jeffrey Pierce ). As seen by the released trailer, he plays his part quite smoothly. Everything is a mystery as of now and he doesn't quite give any clues as to where hes been either. Sam Neil plays Emerson Hauser and he will help Rebecca Madsen solve this case however the problem, as we will find out through later episodes becomes more complex. The fascinating and twisting part of this show is that Rebecca Madsen has house history behind Alcatraz.

Her parents and other house members use to work there as safety but is it possible that more went on at Alcatraz? Was there scientific experiments done to the prisoners? Remember that this is very possible. In the 1960's, the Us was trying to find new ways to examine prisoners. We had the Cold War era in which our livelihood was threatened by the Soviets. What is clear is that this Tv series is being made by Jj Abrams meaning that we can expect to see a high allocation and plot riveting story. He's the great mind behind Star Trek and Super 8. Alcatraz will attempt to be an Action, mystery, and thriller type of movie as was "Lost" was when Jj Abrams created.

One singular character in Alcatraz is Jorge Garcia who played Hugo Res in Lost. I conjecture they brought him back since he was hugely popular to the fan base in Lost and is predicted to make a hit come January 16th when the Tv show airs. He plays a similar character to that of which he played in Lost as a sustain character aiding Rebecca Madsen in the case. More investment to come, and hopefully the days pass quick to the season premiere to learn more.

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Cool Sculpting present - Zeltiq's Cool Sculpting Miracle?

Offices Reviews - Cool Sculpting present - Zeltiq's Cool Sculpting Miracle?

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This Cool Sculpting recite will get you up to speed about what it can do, and if it unmistakably works. The science-based company, Zeltiq, has developed a new healing gadget designed to help you lose fat in definite issue areas. This non-invasive procedure, called Cool Sculpting, was created based on the work first started by Dr. Rox Anderson at the Wellman Labs located at the Massachusetts general Hospital in Boston.

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The basic concept is to apply extreme Cold temperatures to the fatty area of the body to safely eliminate fat from the body.

How does it work?

The Cool Sculpting process is performed in a doctor's office but does not involve any needles or anesthetics. The policy begins by using a suction applicator where portions of the skin are sucked up into the applicator. At this point, the cooling process begins causing your skin to be in contact with temperatures that are high enough to transform the fat from a liquid to a solid. Once in the solid formed, the fat cells will moderately begin to be destroyed and will safely be processed straight through the body.

Does it hurt?

Throughout the policy there is virtually no pain, some claim to feel a "pulling" or "tugging" succeed on their skin but it goes away within about 10 minutes.

This should not be determined a weight loss policy and is only done for those patients who are just slightly overweight. I'll stress in this Cool Sculpting recite that yes, it is approved by the Fda but be meticulous of copy cat procedures and be unmistakably sure to use a real physician who is experienced in performing the Cool Sculpting procedure. Currently only sure parts of the body are able to have this treatment done including:

tummy love handles back inner thighs

Zeltiq is currently working on improving the gadget to allow it to treat other areas of the body, so again, you want to talk with your physician about any area of your body you want help with.

Other Cool Sculpting reviews have also noted that sure patients have been able to see success with Cool Sculpting, averaging about twenty to forty percent fat loss. While you will begin to see results in about four to six weeks, it may take up to three months to see your full results. Many citizen are happy with the success of their first policy but you are able to have up to three procedures done on each area of your body. To add security to the treatment, there is a required one or two month waiting duration in the middle of procedures.

However, Cool Sculpting methods are Very high-priced and does not unmistakably cure the problem of obesity. Looking a well-rounded exercise and cusine plan that will get you long-term results is the healthiest advent to losing weight.

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Veterans Disability Benefits and the Decision divulge Officer - When Should You Use the Dro Process?

Offices Reviews - Veterans Disability Benefits and the Decision divulge Officer - When Should You Use the Dro Process?

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A very common question asked of me by U.S. Veterans who are seeking disability compensation for injuries and disabilities incurred in forces service is this: what is the "de novo" retell the Va offers me when I file my consideration of Disagreement, and should I use it?

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In all honesty, I cannot think of a scenario where a U.S. Veteran intriguing the Va Regional Office's denial of disability benefits would not request the Dro review.

To understand why I say this, it is helpful to understand the process of intriguing the Varo (Va Regional Office) denial of a claim for disability compensation to a Us Veteran.

After the veteran's claim is denied by the Va Regional Office (whether denied partially or entirely, the U.S. Veteran must challenge the decision if he or she wants to continue to pursue the benefit.

To begin the process of intriguing the Varo Ratings Decision, the first step is for the Veteran to send the Va Regional Office a written consideration of discrepancy (also known as a "Nod"). Once the U.S. Veteran files the "Nod" with the Va Regional Office, that office will typically send the Veteran a form that has some language about development an " appeal election. The Va Regional Office will ask that the Veteran choose between the primary appeal process or a retell by what is called a "Decision retell Officer (which I call the Dro). The Va will give the Veteran 60 days to file the appeal determination for with the Varo.

Now, that is the process to get the ball rolling on intriguing the Va Ratings Decision. What is the Dro process, how is it different from the Bva, or traditional, appeal, and why do I say it should all the time be utilized by the Veteran?

First, Dros are senior claims examiners who have the authority to grant the Veteran's requested benefits, based on the same evidence that was used in the preliminary ratings decision. The Dro will retell the evidence "de novo" (This means, in a nutshell, with fresh eyes and without deference to the preliminary Va Ratings Decision.)

Second, the Dro is a senior and much more experienced claims representatives with the Va who has probably seen more claims, knows the law better, and whose job is not only to make sure that the Veteran is getting a "non-adversarial" decision, but also to safe the Va from the cost and time of poor decisions from Junior Claims examiners.

Third, the Dro will retell the case without deference to the Va Rating Decision. In some situations, the Veteran can ask to meet with or talk to the Dro.

Fourth, the Dro process has a good chance of being successful and if it is successful, it will be a lot faster than intriguing to the Bva, where the wait for a hearing can be 500-600 days, or more. I was told at a recent Veterans' Cle, without any hard evidence to back up the statistic, that 2% of the preliminary claim denials are reversed by the Va's Dro process. In the land of the Va, 2% is an incredibly high success ratio (believe it or not).

Fifth, even if the Dro agrees with the preliminary Ratings Decision, (or makes a decision that is favorable, but not wholly correct) you can still appeal to the Bva. So, the Veteran doesn't lose the ability to challenge the Va Ratings Decision, has a 2% chance of having the Varo's decision reversed, often doesn't have to submit any new documentation, and can at times retell directly with the Dro. What's not to like about the Dro process?

Let me give you a good example of success using the Dro process. In a recent appeal I handled for a Vietnam Vet with Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (Ptsd), the Va initially denied the Veteran's claim. The Va's position was that there was no evidence that the Veteran had been diagnosed with Ptsd. This windup was absurd: the Va had in fact diagnosed the Vet with Ptsd, the prognosis was in his Claims File And the Va Doctors had already concluded that this Veteran's Ptsd was a direct ensue of his forces service.

On profit of the Veteran, we sought retell by a Dro. Within a concentrate of months, the Veteran was evaluated by a local Va curative Center, and was given an impairment rating for his Ptsd. About 30 days later, the Veteran received payment of past-due money from the Va, and will continue to receive benefits for his now service-connected Ptsd.

Without a Dro, this Veteran would have had to wait at least one or two Years to argue to a Bva HearingS Officer that he was entitled to Ptsd. Even if the Veteran persuaded the Bva Hearing Official, the claim likely would have just been sent back to the Va Regional Office for an impairment estimation and added amelioration of the record. This process could have taken years, without netting a single payment to the Veteran.

While the Dro process does not warrant Veterans that they will win their claim, the Dro process can be a in fact good chance to get the Veteran the benefits they are entitled to - and usually quicker!

The process works for the Va, because they are able to more efficiently reduce their backlog of claims.
The process works for the Bva Hearings Officer, who only has to conclude the remaining disputes (such as the effective date of an award, or the proper impairment percentage, etc.)

In short, I can't think of a imagine not to request a Dro retell of the Varo's preliminary Rating Decision.

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Book enumerate - Our Iceberg Is Melting

Offices Reviews - Book enumerate - Our Iceberg Is Melting

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In the movie "Prince", the Queen summons the American girl who won the heart of her son, the sole heir to the Denmark throne, to her royal office. The Queen says, "I don't like change. I don't like change. I like consistency. I like traditions. But, when that change is for the best I must reconsider." This apology came after weeks of hating the American girl who is to be the next Queen of Denmark...

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Our Iceberg Is Melting, (St. Martin's Press 147 pp.) by John Kotter, a Harvard professor and Holger Rathgeber, a firm employer does more than just talk about change, they creatively show eight sufficient ways to bring definite change to any situation or assosication straight through the life of Fred, a young new penguin.

Fred the main character discovers a qoute that will destroy the lives of thousands in the penguin colony, if not the whole colony. But, he doesn't have a position in the colony to be heard by the Leadership Council or the prestige to invite time to speak at the town meeting, if he did, he probably wouldn't be taken seriously.

Fred knew within his penguin heart that the qoute would be a major catastrophe but worried how to get the Leadership Council to listen and to buy into the qoute without manufacture a fool of himself and ruin his no profile reputation. After all, the penguin colony is a close-knit colony. And, having a vision to see a qoute that no other penguin sees would make Fred the latest laughing stock of the colony.

This adult cartoon graphic book is an easy read and uses the power of networking and teambuilding to save and ultimately grow the colony beyond every penguin's imagination. Fred gains the help of fellow penguins Alice, Louis, and Buddy his first keep and cheering squad of penguins.

Although, Fred the visionary penguin who discovered this disastrous qoute could only feature the qoute and contribute the proof needed to show the threat is real. But, he lack the explication needed to help the colony, which he understood.

So, after gaining the concentration of the Leadership Council along with its naysayers, the qoute becomes a colony crisis. It becomes the responsibility of the Leadership Council to safe the colony penguins and contribute for its growth and success under this urgent situation, especially for the young.

Our Iceberg Is Melting, does a unique job of showing that most problems be it personal or firm under any health can be solved with the right strategy in place and when it is properly supported by those in the positions to follow definite change and can make it happen.

This book is great for managers looking it difficult to follow change at any level with their staff. It is also for the staff member who can't understand how and why change takes place in corporate organizations imaginable and unexpectedly. This book provides a quick part in change administration for any firm professional.

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construction a Curriculum For an Anti-Corruption procedure

Harmon Law Offices - construction a Curriculum For an Anti-Corruption procedure

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A number of international cooperation organizations, such as Usaid, Unpd and the World Bank, subscribed to the idea that the barriers to development were closely tied to problems in the buildings of poor country institutions.

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They led them to comprise the issue of corruption in their agenda and the need for institutional reform in order to combat it. Many of these international cooperation organizations created performance plans and allocated resources to projects aimed at controlling corruption.

With the advent of globalization, cross-border cooperation gained significance as it became clear that large-scale criminal corruption had adapted rapidly to the globalized economy.

The Gecd -Organization for Economic Cooperation and development and the Oas -Organization of American States were among the most prominent of such organizations.

The Deco industrialized the Anti-Bribery Convention, focuses generally on corrupt practices by foreign clubs overseas.

The Oas convention, stylish at its 1996 each year Meeting, covers both active and passive corruption, in both the underground and group sector, within or surface national borders. These conventions were intended to induce sovereign states to redouble their efforts to prevent, detect, punish and eradicate corruption by creating and strengthening mechanisms for mutual cooperation.

These mechanisms of cooperation in the middle of states consist generally of adopting the same legal definitions of corruption and looking new ways of cooperating on issues of criminal responsibility.

The objective is to put an end to the impunity that results from the gap in the middle of the global cheaper and the limitations of national prosecution authorities. For this reason, the practice needs to be monitored following signing and ratification and this monitoring. From implementation straight through 10 legislation straight through to sanctions, is a means of ensuring that the conventions are complied with.

I) Target Audience:

o Members of group servants and Ngo's complicated in anti-corruption efforts;

o Researches, lawyers. PhD. Postdoctoral fellows have interest in this program;

2) Objectives: Qualification of experts in a fighting corruption;

o argument about a new pillar; Criminalization (active bribe; laundering money; embezzlement; misuse influence);

o A global summary capable of making the target audiences to make their own evaluations on filed action;

o These elements will help the professionals as a reflection matter and acknowledgement concepts and targets to reach during their's careers;

2. 1) choice Audience:

o A curriculum vitae determination and profile reflecting an prominent summary in their active pro responsibilities;

2.2) Case material:

o In a integrated syllabus, coordinating theoretical concepts and argument topics;

3) argument outline:

o productive Implementation of international conventions;

o construction and appraisal of monitoring mechanisms;

o Visibility of conventions and mechanisms for monitoring;

4) Topics for discussion:

4.1) Definition: according to concepts by Un, World Bank, Imf, Pnud, Ocde, Oas.

2) Causes of corruption;

o responsibility of group institutions;

o Monopoly; Absence of transparency;

o Lack of balance in administrative, cultural, economic and political sphere.

3) Consequences of corruption:

o Implication on stability and safety of societies;

o Damage the Democratic value and moral;

o In a global level, there is a relationship in the middle of corruption and criminal organization;

o Indirect costs of corruption is the decline of productivity.

4) External and internal contol Four Stages:

o Preventions: transparency and responsibility; ethics codes and integrity.

o Detection;

o Investigation;

o Control;

5) Political Control:

5.1) there is need to establish, within the organization, varied mechanisms which will take care of ethical behavior and allow individuals to seek advice.

Responsibilities may include:

- Global responsibility for developing and directing an organization's ethics, compliance, and company conduct function for the Total Corporation or organization;

- Providing leadership, oversight, and specialist advice to ensure accepted development, interpretation, and implementation of ethics and compliance strategies, policies and programs,

- responsibility for all agenda activities relating to standards of conduct including ethical relationships with employees, customers, contractors, suppliers, shareholders, and other stakeholders,

- Providing leadership in the development of a compliance risk administration agenda to assess, prioritize, and effectively conduct legal and regulatory compliance,

o responsibility for the organization-wide confidential reporting agenda (such as a Hotline) allowing employees, customers, suppliers, and other stakeholders to description violations of the organization's ethical standards, violations of law or corporate policy, without fear of retaliation;

o Setting the strategy for and administering the organization's each year or periodic ethics and compliance training, and quarterly communications around ethics, compliance and conduct issues,

- Conducting investigations into alleged violations of organizational ethics, compliance or conduct practices and making recommendations for resolution of misconduct

o including disciplinary action;

o Measuring and assessing organizational operation in compliance and ethics arenas, and;

o Providing total reports to the Ceo and any committees, the Board of Directors etc. ;

5.2) Ethics Committees for monitoring implementation of the " Integrity system" Roles can comprise a spectrum from advisory (no hands-on) to very hands-on involvements, as follows. This will depend upon the organizational culture, nature of the business, tolerance for control of compliance surface original hierarchical structures etc:

o found and commonly narrate standards and procedures -Resolve conflicts in the middle of contentious ethical requirements;

o propose behaviors that reinforce the organization's ethics guidelines -Assume responsibility for total compliance;

o Act as a court of appeal: interpretations of standards and procedures;

o Define how the club balances the ownership of personel employees against the organization's needs solicit stakeholder input regarding how standards and procedures to defined and enforced;

o found and disseminate the organization's standards, policies and guidelines on ethical decision making;

o Oversight an Ethics "Hot Line" as a mechanism for seeking advice and reporting suspected wrongdoing and to safe employees' privacy;

o Serve as the original agent for promulgation and discipline;

o Ensure that offences are not repeated, straight through direct action; furnish a forum to take care of communication among ethics committees at large;

o Monitor and audit total compliance -Undertake or commission research projects on ethics issues relevant to the club Whistleblower procedures and safety Three Polarized Views of Whistle blowing;

o The worst inherent disloyalty an worker can perpetrate;

o "Ratting' on others, or on the organization; - An unfortunate but primary evil, to be avoided at all costs, but ultimately may be primary as the only choice and prospect that it must happen;

o That everybody has the responsibility to blow the whistle as a group duty.

The club needs to emphasize and articulate where it stands on this and what it expects of its managers and leaders. Managers should ask themselves:

- Does my club have clearly documented procedures for receiving and investigating a group interest disclosure from internal or external sources?

- Does my club have accepted safeguards to maintain confidentiality?

- Does my club have trained investigators who can impartially perform investigations?

- Does my club have a process for allowable recording of group interest disclosures and the performance taken on them'?

- Does my club have documented procedures to safe staff who may be the branch of a reprisal because of a group interest disclosure?

- Does my staff has a clear insight of their ethical promulgation to description fraud, corruption and bad administration of which they come to be aware?

- Does my staff have a clear insight of what a group interest disclosure is, how to make a group interest disclosure, and what they should do if they receive a group interest disclosure in their role as a supervisor?

5.3) the varied types of whistle blowing:

Internal Whistle blowing Disclosure to person within the club itself. Is this ethical if it is "required" of employees?

Is it ethical if there is no such requirement? Which loyalty takes precedence (to the club or to the fellow employee)?

External Whistle blowing Disclosure to person surface the organization. Is this ever morally defensible? 5.4) Governmental Whistle blowing Unauthorized disclosure of actions and/or information associated to the activities

of a government or its employees. Personal Whistle blowing Reporting the actions of an additional one which we regard as injurious to us personally Impersonal Whistle blowing Reporting the actions of an additional one which we regard as injurious to others (not us personally).

5. 5) Governmental Control

o Federal and state Audit Courts, responsible for controlling group finances and property and monitoring group tenders and contracts;

o The group Prosecutors Office, responsible for group prosecutions for administrative dishonesty or criminal activity;

o The Legislature (Municipal and state legislatures and Congress) with the power to found parliamentary inquiry commissions to research administrative dishonesty or misappropriation of group funds, 10 annul administrative powers and disenfranchise members of the legislature itself;

o The Attorney normal of the Republic, responsible for offences keen the use of federal l funds;

o The Federal Tax Department, responsible for connect tax declarations and reporting, and empowered to research sudden or unexplained increases in personal net worth and give evidence in political and legal proceedings.

6) group Control:

o Ngo's;

o Civil Society;

7) History of corruption:

- Decade 60th: original Understanding. Morally/ethically unacceptable behavior. Explication was understood like personel problem and Explication had place in put out the government worker or group servant.

- Decade 70th: Functionalist Understanding. Corruption is primary for development the poor countries. problem was the local culture.

- Decade 80th: Evolution system Understanding. Social-economic approach. Causes of corruption reside inside the institutions and are primary to modify the institutions.

- Decade 90th: Ethical-reform Understanding. The insight of corruption starting with the expansion of economic performance of State and the concessions offer to it.

The windup is attention in a systemic corruption and dysfunction/misshapen of State. (?) This tendency agrees with the reform of State.

8) Types of corruption:

o Fraud;

o Speed money;

o Clienteles (privileges for positive clients or sells of dependents in exchange for their votes); o Patronage;

o Abuse of position; Favoritism;

o Nepotism;

o Legal discrimination;

o Appropriation of group resources;

o Conflicts of interest.

9) Perspective for the future International Conventions as a tool. (Big cases of corruption)

o Juridical: cooperation in the middle of north-south;

o Monitoring of conventions articles: it is prominent to the success of convention;

o operation of conventions: as a group (Collective);

o Technical assistance: a pragmatic work, and important, because isn't allow a weak link;

o Harmonization of law: domestic and international responsibility;

o Reforms: international context;

o Conventions Logistic: bureaucracy responsibility; waste monitoring; narrate terms; write questionnaires; get experts; narrate written description and recommendations; local law.

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Causes of Bankrupt Businesses

Harmon Law Offices - Causes of Bankrupt Businesses

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Small and large enterprise owners alike carry a gigantic whole of responsibility. The time to come of the enterprise lays on their shoulders and any employees they have rely on them to safe their jobs. Unfortunately, poor financial decisions are often made in these associates and there are fluctuations in the cheaper that occur without warning. In the event a enterprise is unable to repay debts or afford to contribute for their employees, they will most likely file for bankruptcy. Luckily, bankruptcy can help businesses that are in this situation. It can safe them from having to shut down the enterprise and help them rebuild after the bankruptcy process.

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There are any ways that a enterprise can come to be bankrupt. However, it is prominent to realize that, regardless of the cause of a bankruptcy, this decision can sometimes be the best financial move for a enterprise to make. Often, a enterprise has to file for bankruptcy due to circumstances out of anyone's control. Coarse reasons for a enterprise to motion for bankruptcy include:

Inexperienced management Negligent hiring High interest loans New competition Poor economy Lack of technology Expensive basic operations Failing to remain competitive with other businesses

Businesses that make these mistakes can not look back. Once the mistakes have been made, they will be forced to deal with the consequences. They will need to look transmit and weigh their options. Filing for bankruptcy is a difficult process, but is worth the trouble. It gives a enterprise a occasion to recover and their owners and employees a occasion to eventually return to their general way of life.

Businesses are able to apply for bankruptcy straight through both chapter 7 or chapter 11. The type of bankruptcy will reflect how debts will be repaid. chapter 7 is for those who will need debts released to recover. chapter 11 can offer a refund plan. Bankruptcy, in the long run, can save some businesses.

For more facts on the causes of enterprise bankruptcy, visit the website of the Arizona bankruptcy attorneys at the Harmon Law Office, Llc.

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How absorbing Intellectual asset Policies Can create a Global Sustainable power Infrastructure

Harmon Law Offices - How absorbing Intellectual asset Policies Can create a Global Sustainable power Infrastructure

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Intellectual property is the throttle of the global innovation engine. Applied properly, the throttle can accelerate innovation and sustain business, governmental, and humanitarian goals. Set incorrectly, it can stifle innovation or exacerbate inequality. Intellectual property policy, therefore, is a key piece of the march toward a global, sustainable vigor model. Yet curiously, dinky concentration is being paid to intellectual property policies.

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The mighty dearth of published work or course papers on intellectual property as it relates to renewable vigor highlights the difficulty in developing it. Yet without a coherent policy, creating a global sustainable vigor theory will be, at best, slower than need be. The major barricade to developing such a course is the conflict among business, governmental, and non-governmental organizational interests. However, just because something is difficult does not mean it should be ignored.

Yet that's what most policy-making bodies have chosen to do. Neither the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and development (Oecd), the United Nations nor any of their connected organizations has advanced intellectual property policies on sustainable energy. Individual nations also have been mostly silent on the issue, defaulting to their suitable national policies on intellectual property. The issue of global sustainable energy, however, presents a extra situation that a patchwork of national policies and transnational treaties cannot address.

United States and European Union Intellectual property Policy

As global leaders, both the United States and European Union have leading roles to play on the issue of intellectual property policy. Unfortunately, both have failed to lead efforts to institute a coherent policy. Instead, each has relied on its current intellectual property policies.

In the Us, patents are granted for a period of 20 years from the date of application, endowing the owner with the right to exclude others from selling products made by the patented process or of the patented design. To be granted a patent, an invention must satisfy three criteria: utility, novelty, and non-obviousness. Critics of Us patent course point out that when Us courts granted the right to patent methods of doing firm and software they created patent thickets, backlogging the Us Patent and Trademark Office (Uspto) with years of applications. Moreover, many critics believe it is simply too easy to get a patent in the United States.

In 2007, however, the Us consummate Court issued a landmark intellectual property decision in Ksr International Co. V. Teleflex Inc., raising the bar for obviousness by ruling that simply combining elements from the group domain is insufficient grounds for a patent if it yields predictable results. This ruling has leading ramifications for renewable vigor intellectual property because most of the fundamental elements of sustainable vigor science have long been off patent. In many cases, improvements in sustainable vigor infrastructure are incremental and built off this mature, fundamental science. Or they result from a composition of older technologies or former technology that has been repurposed. The result is questions about either advances in the area are novel enough, and if they build off group domain science or still-patented work.

In the European Union, the intellectual property course situation is complex by the fact that as a transnational body, the Eu is composed of nations with their own intellectual property histories and policies. The Eu has made a concerted exertion to standardize its industrial property possession with policies designed to sustain innovation while still protecting Individual rights. Yet, the Eu has made dinky exertion to lead a worldwide reformation of Ip policy.

There are at least three reasons why any governments would be reluctant to lead the exertion to institute a coherent global course on intellectual property for sustainable energy:
No precedent exists for developing such a policy. Intellectual property policies have been advanced on a national level or on a one-to-one treaty level known as harmonization. Nations and corporations have a vested interest in withholding data about the economic costs and benefits of patents. Clubs want to profess secrecy for definite financial and firm reasons. Governments have a role in financing study and development for a variety of social, economic, and troops reasons, which they are often not concerned in divulging. Most nations with strong intellectual property policies see patents as an Individual right, protected by the rule of law. And even though many patents are granted to individuals working for universities or companies, it is often these assignees that advantage from patents granted, not Individual inventors. In addition, governments tend to err on the side of the "home team" and craft policies that advantage Clubs residing within their borders.
Current and Emerging course Drivers

Beyond the assorted national intellectual property policies, several other, non-governmental, drivers are at play that in some ways evolved in the sustainable vigor shop because of the lack of over-arching course direction from governmental organizations. Curiously, in other ways they are the direct result of what existing national patent course does exist.

To perform their firm objectives, Clubs have been production greater use of two distinct intellectual property concepts: patent pools and open source work.

Patent pools, which were used as far back as the 1800s to mitigate risk and save time and money, are consortiums of Clubs that band together to allow joint, non-exclusive licensing of intellectual property. Patent pools make sense in sustainable vigor development because of the large amount of organizations attempting to institute similar technologies or products that must work seamlessly together within the existing power infrastructure. This is especially leading because a migration to sustainable vigor sources will involve the decentralized generation. With patent pools, Clubs can institute innovative designs with less concern about either and how they will join them into the grid.

An approximately contrary arrival called open source is ordinarily connected with computer software, particularly the Linux operating system. The idea is to freely license or issue into the group domain the science or technology so that whatever with the skills can modify or add to the core technology. Open source attempts to take advantage of the emerging recognition that "most of the brightest habitancy work somewhere else," a realization that is fundamental to a result movement called "open innovation," by which Clubs exertion to raise connections with collaborators exterior their organization.

The open source model works because many new institute ideas are aggregates of several prior designs. As a result, they need expertise from a wide variety of engineering disciplines, but without direct monetary repaymen for participating in the project. As Seti@home and Grid.org have demonstrated, this need not be an obstacle in cases where the scheme is working toward a greater good, as the development of renewable vigor clearly is.

Coherent Intellectual property course Components

Pointing out a system's weaknesses is easy; developing solutions is where the real work is done. Developing a coherent intellectual property course for renewable vigor is no distinct and requires several key components:
Standardize the definition of what is patentable. Nations typically do this on a case-by-case basis. A broader, multi-national bargain would clearly be preferable. Make patent recap as quick a process as possible. In the Us a "Petition to Make Special" can speed the prosecution of an application that "contribute[s] to the development or conservation of vigor resources." Ease the way for technology licensing and acquisition. Again, easier cross-border licensing would aid global vigor infrastructure development. Facilitate collaboration among organizations. Easing the potential to form international joint ventures, for example, would lower barriers to participation for organizations of dinky means like university development offices and start-ups. Improve intellectual property possession in developing nations. While this idea has its limits, patent security should not inhibit innovation.

Developing a coherent global intellectual property course is principal to the successful migration to sustainable energy. Sadly, there is very dinky leadership in this area currently. With greater concentration to the subject, thoughtful course development, and concerted exertion on implementation, this can be overcome.

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